Words and idioms related to Napoleon

Napoleon Bonaparte was a French military and political leader during the latter stages of the French Revolution.As Napoleon I, he was Emperor of the French from 1804 to 1815. His legal reform, the Napoleonic code, has been a major influence on many civil law jurisdictions worldwide, but he is best remembered for his role in the wars led against France by a series of coalitions, the so-called Napoleonic Wars, during which he established hegemony over much of Europe and sought to spread revolutionary ideals.
Apart from this he also contributes to the English language in his own Napoleonesque way :). Here are a few words / idioms related to Napoleon.

• Waterloo : (the Battle of Waterloo was where the British and allies, led by the Duke of Wellington, inflicted a crushing defeat on the French and allies, led by Napoleon – the word is used to mean a crushing or final defeat or failure).
• Chauvinist : Nicholas Chauvin was a legendary soldier in Napoleon’s army, extremely devoted to his employer. After Napoleon’s downfall (remember the battle of Waterloo) ,Chauvin is supposed to have displayed such exaggerated patriotism that he was held up to ridicule.[Meaning : prejudiced belief in the superiority of one’s gender]

Words and idioms related to Julius Ceaser

Julius Caesar, a Roman military and political leader, is one of the most colourful historical characters of all time. In a life well lived he invaded Britain, vanquished Pompey his arch rival, installed Cleopatra as queen of Egypt and was appointed Dictator for Life by the Romans. He not only enriched Roman political life but also the English language.

• Caesarian : It is said that the term Caesarian – an operation by which a foetus is taken from the uterus by cutting through the walls of the abdomen and uterus – arose because Julius Caesar was supposed to have been delivered surgically. However there is some dispute about this as his mother lived to see his victories and in ancient times an operation of this nature was almost always fatal for the woman.
• Crossing the Rubicon : In 49 BC, Julius Caesar crossed the Rubicon, a river that formed the boundary between Cisalpine Gaul and Italy. Crossing the Rubicon into Italy signaled the declaration of a war against the Roman Senate & Pompey as Caesar had broken the law which forbid a general from leading an army out of his province. There was now no going back for Caesar. Incidentally when he crossed the river he is supposed to have exclaimed “the die is cast” thus signifying that he was aware of the importance of his action. [Meaning : a point of no return]
• Caeser's wife : Caesar divorced his wife Pompeia when her name was brought into a scandal, even though this was without basis, saying that "my wife ought not even to be under suspicion." This gave rise to a proverb, sometimes expressed : "Caesar's wife must be above suspicion."
• July : named after Julius Caeser